IELTS Writing Task 2: Walkable Cities (Problem Solution) - Band 6/7/8/9 Model Answers

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The IELTS Writing Task 2 walkable cities problem solution essay asks test-takers to discuss issues related to city walkability and propose solutions. Band 9 responses use accurate, complex vocabulary and advanced grammar to present clear, logical arguments with 250+ words in 60 minutes. Our models demonstrate how to structure ideas effectively and analyze data to achieve top scores.

Full Prompt

Topic: Some cities have adopted urban designs that prioritize walking over car use. What problems might this cause? What solutions can you suggest?

Model Answers

Band 6.0 Answer

Scoring Breakdown:

• Task Response (4): Presents a relevant position but with limited development. Some ideas are unclear or poorly connected.
• Coherence & Cohesion (5): Ideas are organized but with basic linking words. Paragraphing is present but inconsistent.
• Lexical Resource (5): Uses some topic-specific vocabulary but with frequent errors and limited range.
• Grammar (5): Demonstrates basic sentence structures with regular grammatical mistakes.

Text:

Urban planners in some cities make walking more important than driving. This can create problems but there are solutions.

First, making cities more walkable can cause problems for people who need cars. For example, parents with children might find it hard to get around. Also, people with disabilities may struggle. To solve this, cities can provide better public transport. They can also make sure there are enough taxis for people who need them.

Second, walkable cities might have traffic problems. If too many people walk, roads can become crowded. This can make it dangerous. One solution is to create more pedestrian zones. These areas should only be for walking. Also, cities can build more buildings so people don't have to travel far.

In conclusion, walkable cities can have problems but there are solutions. Cities must think carefully about how to make walking safe and easy for everyone.

Band 7.0 Answer

Scoring Breakdown:

• Task Response (6): Presents a clear position with some development and relevant ideas.
• Coherence & Cohesion (6): Ideas are logically organized with clear linking words. Paragraphing is present and appropriate.
• Lexical Resource (6): Uses a mix of basic and some complex vocabulary with occasional errors.
• Grammar (6): Demonstrates a mix of simple and complex structures with some errors.

Text:

The trend towards creating walkable cities has both advantages and disadvantages. This essay will explore the potential problems and suggest possible solutions.

One major issue is the impact on businesses that rely on car traffic. For instance, restaurants and shops near busy roads may lose customers if people prefer to walk elsewhere. To address this, cities can offer incentives for businesses to move to pedestrian-friendly areas. Additionally, providing free or discounted parking for customers can help maintain business.

Another problem is the increased strain on public infrastructure. More pedestrians mean more wear and tear on sidewalks and crossings. To mitigate this, cities can invest in durable materials and regular maintenance. Furthermore, implementing a system of one-way streets can help manage pedestrian flow and reduce congestion.

In conclusion, while walkable cities present challenges, thoughtful planning and investment can overcome these obstacles. By considering the needs of both residents and businesses, cities can create environments that are both walkable and sustainable.

Band 8.0 Answer

Scoring Breakdown:

• Task Response (7): Presents a clear, fully developed position with relevant, extended arguments.
• Coherence & Cohesion (7): Ideas are logically organized with clear progression and varied linking words.
• Lexical Resource (7): Uses a wide range of vocabulary with occasional errors and some less common words.
• Grammar (7): Demonstrates a mix of simple and complex structures with minimal errors.

Text:

The shift towards prioritizing pedestrian mobility in urban planning presents both challenges and opportunities. This essay will examine the potential drawbacks and propose viable solutions.

One significant concern is the potential for increased air pollution in pedestrian zones. While reducing car traffic may seem beneficial, the concentration of pedestrians can lead to higher emissions from idling vehicles at the perimeter. To combat this, cities can implement strict emissions standards and promote the use of electric vehicles for essential services. Additionally, creating green corridors with trees and plants can help absorb pollutants and improve air quality.

Another issue is the potential for social inequality. Walkable cities may inadvertently exclude low-income residents who cannot afford to live in central, pedestrian-friendly areas. To address this, cities can invest in affordable housing projects near transit hubs. Furthermore, offering subsidized public transport passes can ensure that all residents have equal access to the benefits of walkable urban design.

In conclusion, while the transition to walkable cities poses challenges, proactive measures can mitigate these issues. By focusing on sustainability, equity, and community engagement, cities can create environments that are both walkable and inclusive.

Band 9.0 Answer

Scoring Breakdown:

• Task Response (9): Presents a fully developed position with clear, extended arguments and supported ideas.
• Coherence & Cohesion (9): Ideas are logically organized with clear progression and sophisticated linking words.
• Lexical Resource (9): Uses a wide range of vocabulary with precise, sophisticated words and no errors.
• Grammar (9): Demonstrates a mix of simple and complex structures with no errors.

Text:

The global movement towards creating walkable urban environments, while laudable, is not without its complexities. This essay will delineate the multifaceted problems that may arise and propose innovative solutions to address them.

One of the most pressing issues is the potential for increased pedestrian congestion in high-density areas. As more people opt for walking, popular routes can become overcrowded, leading to safety hazards and reduced quality of life. To alleviate this, urban planners can implement intelligent traffic management systems that use real-time data to optimize pedestrian flow. Additionally, creating secondary pedestrian routes through green spaces can distribute foot traffic more evenly and enhance the urban landscape.

Another critical challenge is the potential for economic disruption in car-dependent sectors. For example, taxi drivers and delivery services may face reduced demand as more people choose to walk. To mitigate this, cities can provide retraining programs and incentives for drivers to transition to sustainable delivery methods, such as cargo bikes. Furthermore, offering tax breaks to businesses that adapt to pedestrian-friendly models can support economic resilience.

In conclusion, the transition to walkable cities requires a holistic approach that addresses both immediate challenges and long-term sustainability. By leveraging technology, fostering economic adaptability, and prioritizing community needs, cities can successfully navigate this transformation and create vibrant, pedestrian-centric environments.

Vocabulary Highlights

1. Urban planners (noun): Professionals who design and manage urban spaces. Example: Urban planners need to consider both aesthetics and functionality.
2. Pedestrian zones (noun): Areas designated for walking, not vehicle traffic. Example: The new pedestrian zone has boosted local business sales.
3. Incentives (noun): Rewards or benefits to encourage certain behaviors. Example: The city offers incentives for businesses to go green.
4. Mitigate (verb): To make less severe, serious, or painful. Example: Regular maintenance can mitigate wear and tear on infrastructure.
5. Sustainability (noun): The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level without depleting resources. Example: Sustainability is a key goal in modern urban planning.
6. Emissions standards (noun): Regulations on the amount of pollutants vehicles can emit. Example: Stricter emissions standards have improved air quality.
7. Green corridors (noun): Strips of greenery designed to improve environmental quality. Example: Green corridors help reduce urban heat island effects.
8. Subsidized (adjective): Supported financially by a third party. Example: Subsidized public transport makes commuting more affordable.
9. Intelligent traffic management (noun): Systems that use data to optimize traffic flow. Example: Intelligent traffic management reduces congestion and improves safety.
10. Economic resilience (noun): The ability of an economy to recover from shocks. Example: Diversifying the economy enhances economic resilience.
11. Retraining programs (noun): Educational initiatives to teach new skills. Example: Retraining programs help workers adapt to changing industries.
12. Cargo bikes (noun): Bikes designed to carry goods. Example: Cargo bikes are a sustainable alternative to delivery vans.
13. Holistic approach (noun): Considering the whole system rather than parts. Example: A holistic approach ensures all aspects of the problem are addressed.
14. Vibrant (adjective): Full of energy and enthusiasm. Example: The city aims to create vibrant pedestrian-centric environments.
15. Transformation (noun): A thorough or dramatic change. Example: The city's transformation into a walkable urban space is nearly complete.

Common Mistakes Students Make

1. Ignoring Task Requirements: Some students focus only on problems or solutions, not both. Always address both parts of the prompt.
2. Lack of Specific Examples: Vague statements like "cities should improve" without explaining how reduce scores. Provide concrete examples.
3. Poor Paragraph Structure: Mixing ideas between paragraphs confuses the reader. Each paragraph should focus on one main idea.
4. Grammatical Errors: Common mistakes like subject-verb agreement errors or incorrect article usage hurt scores. Practice grammar regularly.
5. Limited Vocabulary: Using repetitive or basic words reduces lexical resource scores. Learn and practice advanced vocabulary.

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