IELTS Writing Task 2: Global Warming (Problem Solution) — Band 6/7/8/9 Model Answers

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Prompt

Global warming is one of the most serious issues we are facing in the contemporary world. What are the causes of global warming and what measures could be taken to prevent this environmental issue?

Model Answers

Band 6.0 Answer

Global warming is a big problem today. There are many reasons for this issue. First, factories release a lot of pollution into the air. Also, cars and trucks make the air dirty. Another reason is that people cut down too many trees. These things make the Earth hotter.

To stop global warming, we need to do some things. Governments should make rules for factories to reduce pollution. People can use public transport instead of driving cars. Also, we should plant more trees. If we do these things, the Earth will be healthier.

In conclusion, global warming is a serious problem caused by pollution and deforestation. We can solve it by making changes in our lives and laws.

Scoring Breakdown

• Task Response (TR): Addresses the task but with limited development of ideas.
• Coherence and Cohesion (CC): Ideas are presented but with some repetition and lack of clear progression.
• Lexical Resource (LR): Limited range of vocabulary with some errors in word choice.
• Grammatical Range and Accuracy (GRA): Simple sentence structures with frequent grammatical errors.

Band 7.0 Answer

The phenomenon of global warming has become an increasingly pressing concern in recent years. This environmental issue is primarily attributed to industrial activities, vehicular emissions, and deforestation.

Industrial activities contribute significantly to global warming through the release of greenhouse gases. Vehicular emissions also play a major role in increasing atmospheric pollution. Additionally, deforestation reduces the number of trees that can absorb carbon dioxide, exacerbating the problem.

To mitigate global warming, several measures can be implemented. Governments should enforce stricter regulations on industrial emissions and promote the use of renewable energy sources. Encouraging public transportation and carpooling can reduce vehicular emissions. Furthermore, reforestation efforts and the protection of existing forests are crucial.

In conclusion, global warming is a complex issue with multiple causes. By implementing effective solutions, we can mitigate its impact and protect our planet for future generations.

Scoring Breakdown

• Task Response (TR): Addresses all parts of the task with some development of ideas.
• Coherence and Cohesion (CC): Ideas are logically organized with clear progression.
• Lexical Resource (LR): Adequate range of vocabulary with some less common lexical items.
• Grammatical Range and Accuracy (GRA): Mix of simple and complex sentence structures with some errors.

Band 8.0 Answer

Global warming, an alarming environmental issue, is primarily caused by human activities that release excessive greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. The primary contributors to this phenomenon are industrial emissions, vehicular exhaust, and deforestation.

Industrial activities, particularly those involving the burning of fossil fuels, release vast amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. Vehicular emissions further exacerbate the problem, as the increasing number of cars on the road contributes significantly to atmospheric pollution. Deforestation, driven by urbanization and agricultural expansion, reduces the number of trees that can absorb carbon dioxide, thereby intensifying global warming.

To combat global warming, a multifaceted approach is necessary. Governments should implement stringent regulations to limit industrial emissions and promote the adoption of renewable energy sources. Incentivizing public transportation and carpooling can reduce vehicular emissions. Additionally, large-scale reforestation projects and the protection of existing forests are essential for absorbing carbon dioxide.

In conclusion, global warming is a pressing issue that requires immediate action. By addressing its root causes and implementing effective solutions, we can mitigate its impact and ensure a sustainable future.

Scoring Breakdown

• Task Response (TR): Fully addresses all parts of the task with detailed development of ideas.
• Coherence and Cohesion (CC): Ideas are logically organized with clear progression and effective use of cohesive devices.
• Lexical Resource (LR): Wide range of vocabulary with sophisticated and less common lexical items.
• Grammatical Range and Accuracy (GRA): Varied sentence structures with frequent use of complex sentences and minimal errors.

Band 9.0 Answer

The escalating crisis of global warming, largely anthropogenic in origin, poses a profound threat to the ecological balance of our planet. The primary drivers of this phenomenon are industrial pollution, vehicular emissions, and rampant deforestation.

Industrial activities, particularly those involving the combustion of fossil fuels, are a major contributor to the escalation of global warming. The unchecked release of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, traps heat in the atmosphere, leading to a rise in global temperatures. Vehicular emissions, exacerbated by the proliferation of private vehicles, further compound the problem. Deforestation, driven by the insatiable demand for land and resources, not only reduces the planet's capacity to absorb carbon dioxide but also disrupts delicate ecosystems, further aggravating the crisis.

To mitigate the adverse effects of global warming, a comprehensive and multifaceted strategy is imperative. Governments must enact and enforce stringent regulations to curtail industrial emissions and incentivize the adoption of renewable energy sources. The promotion of public transportation and the implementation of carpooling initiatives can significantly reduce vehicular emissions. Furthermore, large-scale reforestation projects and the establishment of protected forest reserves are crucial for enhancing the planet's carbon absorption capacity.

In conclusion, global warming is a multifaceted issue that demands immediate and concerted action. By addressing its root causes and implementing effective solutions, we can mitigate its impact and safeguard the future of our planet for generations to come.

Scoring Breakdown

• Task Response (TR): Fully addresses all parts of the task with detailed, supported, and extended development of ideas.
• Coherence and Cohesion (CC): Ideas are logically organized with clear progression and effective use of cohesive devices.
• Lexical Resource (LR): Wide range of vocabulary with sophisticated and less common lexical items used appropriately.
• Grammatical Range and Accuracy (GRA): Varied sentence structures with frequent use of complex sentences and minimal errors.

Vocabulary Highlights

1. Anthropogenic (adjective): Originating from human activity.

• Example: The anthropogenic sources of global warming include industrial emissions and deforestation.

1. Escalating (verb): Increasing rapidly.

• Example: The escalating crisis of global warming requires immediate action.

1. Mitigate (verb): To make less severe, serious, or painful.

• Example: To mitigate the effects of global warming, we need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

1. Proliferation (noun): Rapid increase in the number or spread of something.

• Example: The proliferation of private vehicles has led to increased vehicular emissions.

1. Incentivize (verb): To encourage someone to do something by offering a reward or advantage.

• Example: Governments should incentivize the adoption of renewable energy sources.

1. Curtail (verb): To reduce in extent or quantity; impose a restriction on.

• Example: Governments must curtail industrial emissions to combat global warming.

1. Enact (verb): To make (a bill or other proposal) law.

• Example: Governments must enact stringent regulations to limit industrial emissions.

1. Reforestation (noun): The restoration of a forest or woodland that once existed but was removed at some point in the past.

• Example: Reforestation projects can help absorb carbon dioxide and mitigate global warming.

1. Ecological balance (noun): The state of natural balance among the various species of animals and plants in an ecosystem.

• Example: Global warming poses a profound threat to the ecological balance of our planet.

1. Anthropogenic (adjective): Originating from human activity.

• Example: The anthropogenic sources of global warming include industrial emissions and deforestation.

1. Escalating (verb): Increasing rapidly.

• Example: The escalating crisis of global warming requires immediate action.

1. Mitigate (verb): To make less severe, serious, or painful.

• Example: To mitigate the effects of global warming, we need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

1. Proliferation (noun): Rapid increase in the number or spread of something.

• Example: The proliferation of private vehicles has led to increased vehicular emissions.

1. Incentivize (verb): To encourage someone to do something by offering a reward or advantage.

• Example: Governments should incentivize the adoption of renewable energy sources.

1. Curtail (verb): To reduce in extent or quantity; impose a restriction on.

• Example: Governments must curtail industrial emissions to combat global warming.

1. Enact (verb): To make (a bill or other proposal) law.

• Example: Governments must enact stringent regulations to limit industrial emissions.

1. Reforestation (noun): The restoration of a forest or woodland that once existed but was removed at some point in the past.

• Example: Reforestation projects can help absorb carbon dioxide and mitigate global warming.

1. Ecological balance (noun): The state of natural balance among the various species of animals and plants in an ecosystem.

• Example: Global warming poses a profound threat to the ecological balance of our planet.

Common Mistakes

1. Lack of Specificity: Many students fail to provide specific examples or detailed explanations, leading to a lower score in Task Response.
2. Poor Organization: Essays that lack clear structure and logical progression can result in a lower score in Coherence and Cohesion.
3. Limited Vocabulary: Using a limited range of vocabulary can lower the score in Lexical Resource. Students should aim to use a variety of words and phrases.
4. Grammatical Errors: Frequent grammatical errors can significantly impact the score in Grammatical Range and Accuracy. Students should proofread their essays for errors.
5. Off-Topic Content: Including irrelevant information can detract from the main argument and lower the overall score. Students should stay focused on the task.

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